The Battle of Marathon in 490 BC saw the outnumbered Greeks defeat the Persians, preserving Greek independence.
The Battle of Tours in 732 halted the Muslim expansion into Europe, led by Frankish leader Charles Martel.
At the Battle of Hastings in 1066, William the Conqueror's victory over Harold II changed the course of English history.
In 1588, the Spanish Armada was defeated by the English navy, marking a turning point in naval warfare.
The Battle of Stalingrad in 1942-1943 was a major WWII turning point, with Soviet forces defeating the Germans.
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 was a pivotal moment in the American Civil War, ending Confederate invasion of the North.